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'Free' in Spanish

As Always, Context Matters in Translation

By Gerald Erichsen, About.com

"Free" has several meanings in English and can also function as an verb, adjective or adverb, so obviously there is more than one way to translate that word to Spanish. This lesson highlights some of the Spanish words that can be used to translate "free" along with some sample sentences.

"Free" as a verb meaning "to liberate": Although liberar can be used to mean "to liberate," it is more common to use the phrases poner en libertad or dejar en libertad when giving freedom to someone:

  • Pusieron en libertad al testigo clave. They freed the key witness.
  • La junta puso en libertad a la hija del ex dictador. The junta freed the ex-dictator's daughter.
  • Los grupos armados racistas dejaron en libertad a algunos de los rehenes. The armed racist groups freed some of the hostages.
Liberar can also be used when referring to the liberation of someone, and especially when liberating someone of something:
  • Los terroristas liberaron al ex gobernador tras siete años de cautiverio. The terrorists freed the former governor after seven years of captivity.
  • Los problemas de salud le liberaron de enfrentarse a un juicio. His health problems freed him from facing a trial.
  • Liberaron de una red de crímenes a una chica de 17 años. They freed a 17-year-old girl from a crime ring.
  • Escribir un libro me liberó mentalmente. Writing a book freed me mentally.
The verb soltar is frequently used when freeing animals: Bajo ninguna cirsunstancia soltarán a los perros. Under no circumstance will you free the dogs.

"Free" as an adjective or adverb meaning "without charge or cost": Gratis can nearly always be used in this way. Note that in adjective form the plural of gratis is gratis:

  • Éste es tu directorio de programas gratis para descargar a tu ordenador. This is your directory of free programs to download to your computer.
  • Nuestros hijos entraron gratis al cine. Our children got in free to the movie.
  • La compañía gasta unos 2 millones de dólares al año en comida gratis para sus empleados. The company spends $2 million annually for free food for its employees.
  • La juez recorta la indemnizaciónn a dos hombres injustamente encarcelados porque durmieron gratis en prisión. The judge reduced the compensation to two men unjustly jailed because they slept for free in prison.
"Free" meaning "unrestrained" and related meanings: Nearly all the time, libre works well:
  • No vivo en un país libre. I don't live in a free country.
  • El 20 de diciembre Bolivia fue declarada libre de analfabetismo. On Dec. 20 Bolivia was declared free of illiteracy.
  • Es importante mantener su computadora libre de virus, spyware, y troyanos. It is important to keep your computer free of viruses, spyware and trojans.
  • Me gusta la idea de seres humanos libres e iguales. I like the idea of free and equal people.
  • La elección era una victoria para el comercio libre. The election was a victory for free trade.
  • El sector económico está en caída libre. The economic sector is in free fall.
  • Sólo el espíritu libre puede hacer nacer la poesía y el arte. (Nietzche) Only the free spirit can make poetry and art be born. (Nietzche)
Sometimes it is be necessary to express the thought of "free" with this meaning in a way other than using an adjective: Tenemos la libertad de expresión. We have free speech.

"Free" meaning "without": "Free" is often used following a noun or in the phrase "free of" to mean that something is absent. Often sin can be used, although almost always libre de can be used too as in the examples above.

  • ¿Dónde puedo encontrar dulces sin azucar? Where can I find sugar-free candy?
  • No era nada mejor que tener una vida sin preocupación. There was nothing better than having a worry-free life.
Other expressions: Here are few related useful phrases and words with possible translations:
  • duty-free, libre de impuestos
  • free agent, el/la agente independiente
  • freedom, la libertad
  • free-for-all (fight), la gresca
  • free kick (soccer), tiro libre
  • free-standing, autónomo, independiente
  • freestyle, estilo libre
  • free up space, liberar espacio
Other Words in Spanish
Gerald Erichsen
Guide since 1998

Gerald Erichsen
Spanish Language Guide

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